Paris Peace Conference
Because the 27 different countries at war all had different opinions, the United States, France and Britain dominated the conference. The countries followed Wilson's Fourteen points, a formula for peace. These points included open agreements of peace, absolute freedom of navigation on the seas in peace and war, removal of economic barriers, establishment of equity of trade among all nations, reduction in national armaments, equal weight governing and colonial population and a calling for a general association of nations.
Resolutions
Germany- France wanted the destruction of German power. In addition, Germany was to take sole responsibility for the war and pay for the cost of the war. Germany was not to have a navy or air force, and their army was limited to 100,000 troops.
Bulgaria- The Treaty of Neuilly ceded small parts of their territory.
Austria- Hungary- The breakup of the dual- monarchy came in two separate treaties: Treaty of St. Germain (between Allies and the kingdom of Austria) and the Treaty of Trianon (between Allies and the kingdom of Hungary.) Hungary's population decreased from 28 million to 8 million.
Ottoman- The Treaty of Sevres dissolved the empire and called for foreign occupation in eastern and southern Anatolia, and the surrender of Ottoman Balkan and Arab provinces.
Turkey- Mustafa Kemal set out to defy the Allied terms. He drove out Greek, British, French and Italian forces through a national army, and created the Republic of Turkey, which was accepted by Allied powers in the Treaty of Lausanne.a
Bulgaria- The Treaty of Neuilly ceded small parts of their territory.
Austria- Hungary- The breakup of the dual- monarchy came in two separate treaties: Treaty of St. Germain (between Allies and the kingdom of Austria) and the Treaty of Trianon (between Allies and the kingdom of Hungary.) Hungary's population decreased from 28 million to 8 million.
Ottoman- The Treaty of Sevres dissolved the empire and called for foreign occupation in eastern and southern Anatolia, and the surrender of Ottoman Balkan and Arab provinces.
Turkey- Mustafa Kemal set out to defy the Allied terms. He drove out Greek, British, French and Italian forces through a national army, and created the Republic of Turkey, which was accepted by Allied powers in the Treaty of Lausanne.a
Results
Mustafa Kemal, who became known as Ataturk, launched a program of modernization to help economic development and secularism.
The League of Nations was formed to prevent future conflicts. It was not successful because it had no power to enforce decisions, and it relied on collective security.
The League of Nations established the Mandate, which gave the WWI victors control over former Ottoman and German lands, with a goal of eventual independence.
The League of Nations was formed to prevent future conflicts. It was not successful because it had no power to enforce decisions, and it relied on collective security.
The League of Nations established the Mandate, which gave the WWI victors control over former Ottoman and German lands, with a goal of eventual independence.
Post World War
The new countries established in Europe included, Poland, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland and Bessarabia.
The new countries established in the Middle East include- Palestine, Lebanon, Iraq and Syria.